Computer Network Topologies

A Network Topology is the arrangement with which computer systems or network devices are connected to each other. Topologies may define both the physical and logical aspects of the network. Both logical and physical topologies could be the same or different in the same network.

Point-to-Point

Point-to-point networks contain exactly two hosts such as computers, switches or routers, servers connected back to back using a single piece of cable. Often, the receiving end of one host is connected to sending the end of the other and vice-versa.

If the hosts are connected point-to-point logically, then they may have multiple intermediate devices. But the end hosts are unaware of the underlying network and see each other as if they are connected directly.

Bus Topology

In the case of Bus topology, all devices share a single communication line or cable. Bus topology may have a problem while multiple hosts sending data at the same time. Therefore, Bus topology either uses CSMA/CD technology or recognizes one host as Bus Master to solve the issue. It is one of the simple forms of networking where the failure of a device does not affect the other devices. But the failure of the shared communication line can make all other devices stop functioning. Both ends of the shared channel have line terminator. The data is sent in only one direction and as soon as it reaches the extreme end, the terminator removes the data from the line.

Star Topology

All hosts in Star topology are connected to a central device, known as hub device, using a point-to-point connection. That is, there exists a point to point connection between hosts and hub. The hub device can be any of the following:

Read More: computer networking definition